NASA has released new images of the Perseverance rover on Mars, including a shot taken during the ‘seven minutes of terror’ when it endured tumultuous conditions that battered the craft as it entered the Martian atmosphere and approached the surface.
The $2.2.billion rover touched down on the Martian surface Thursday following a 239 million mile journey and scientists say it is ‘doing great and is healthy on the surface, and continues to be highly functional.’
The American space agency shared an image shot by the sky crane that shows Perseverance, nicknamed Perky, slung beneath and attached to mechanical bridals – moments before making landfall.
‘The moment that my team dreamed of for years, now a reality. Dare mighty things,’ the Perseverance team tweeted as it shared the image on Twitter.
The image also captured the dusty and rocky Mars surface below, exciting NASA of what possibilities are ahead of its beloved Perky.
‘This shot from a camera on my ‘jetpack’ captures me in midair, just before my wheels touched down,’ NASA shared in a follow-up tweet.
Minutes after Perseverance began rolling around Mars, it snapped a picture of its wheel surrounded by the dusty landscape using its 20 megapixel color camera.
Adam Steltzner, the chief engineer on the project, said Perseverance is an ‘epic effort’ that represents eight years and ‘over 4000 human years of investment and the latest images shows that the work has paid off.
The sky crane maneuver is the final landing stage that was also used when Curioisty landed on Mars in 2012.
The detailed image, which could become an iconic image in spaceflight shows the long Nylon cords lowering Perseverance to the Martian surface, along with the rover’s mechanics and wheels danging in the air.
This is something we’ve never seen before,’ said Stehura, describing himself and colleagues as ‘awe-struck’ when first viewing the image.
‘You are brought to the surface of Mars. You’re sitting there, seven meters off the surface of the rover looking down,’ he said. ‘It’s absolutely exhilarating, and it is evocative of those other images from our experience as human beings moving out into our solar system.’
The colored image was snapped by the sky crane following the ‘seven minutes of terror,’ which is when Perseverance shot through Mars’ atmosphere like a speeding built as it traveled 12,000 miles per hour before slowing down to zero in order to safely land on the surface.
After the rover touched down, the sky crane flew away to a safe location where its landing would not cause any damage to the mission.
Perseverance sent its first image of the crater back moments after NASA established radio contact with the rover Thursday, which shows the rover’s first look at the Martian world in black and white.
The image was snapped while the rover cameras were still covered with lenses and a new picture of the same area was recently sent back to Earth that is Perseverance’s ‘first color image from the surface of Mars,’ Pauline Hwang, Surface Mission Operations Systems (MOS) Manager, said during NASA’s live press event.
Hwang said ‘we went wild’ when Perseverance’s first image was received by the team.
‘The team just went crazy for… we were just kind of like on cloud nine… weird, dreamlike state,’ she continued.
‘Just the clarity, and just the reality of it, it was just unbelievable.’
The rover landed about one mile from tall cliffs at the basin of Jezero crater that NASA believes was once inhabited by life.
Although Perseverance had many obstacles ahead of it from the moment it left Earth, NASA was particularly worried about the rocky landscape of the landing target and if the rover’s cameras would help it avoid uneven terrain during the decent.
However, the team fitted Perky with ‘Terrain Relative Navigation’ that took images of the Martian surface during the descent.
The information gathered from this was be used to inform the rover’s decision as to where it will land.
And the technology helped Perseverance find flat ground to stand on.
After landing, two of the Hazard Cameras (Hazcams) captured views from the front and rear of the rover, showing one of its wheels in the Martian dirt ‘free of boulders, free of cliffs, free of great slopes.’
NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance orbiter, which has been circling the Red Planet since 2006, also captured an amazing image of Perseverance before it made landfall, give the NASA team a bird’s eye view of the event.
A black and white photo captured the rover soaring through the Martian atmosphere attached to the sonic parachute after shooting through the sky like a blazing comet.
The massive parachute deployed around four minutes into the descent, when the rover was still seven miles from the surface. NASA said this was a critical step and involved the biggest parachute ever sent to another planet.
Once the parachute deployed, the heat shield was discarded as it was now surplus to requirements.
This allowed the cameras of Perseverance to start studying the terrain below and scour for a potential landing spot.
Around 90 seconds later, the backshell — the back half of the entry capsule that is fastened to the parachute — was also jettisoned 1.7miles above the Martian surface.
Perseverance, the biggest, most advanced rover ever sent by NASA, became the ninth spacecraft to successfully land on Mars, every one of them from the U.S., beginning in the 1970s.
It completed the final approach with a ‘jetpack’ powered by eight rocket thrusters which slowed the craft down from 190 miles per hour to a mere 1.7 miles per hour while also steering the lander.
The craft then carried out the ‘skycrane’ maneuver which was first developed for Curiosity in 2012.
Nylon cords held Perseverance 25 feet below the jetpack and gently placed the rover down on the red soil.
NASA established a radio connection with the rover before Perseverance did a series of checks and then started its experiments and investigations.
Over the next couple of days, NASA plans to conduct a series of hardware checks on Perseverance, along with the rover’s travel companion, the Ingenuity helicopter.
The team also plans to receive the first panoramic image from Perseverance Saturday.
NASA’s Mars 2020 mission will search for signs of ancient life on on the Red Planet in a bid to help scientists better understand how life evolved on Earth.
Named Perseverance, the main car-sized rover will explore an ancient river delta within the Jezero Crater, which was once filled with a 1,600ft deep lake.
It is believed that the region hosted microbial life some 3.5 to 3.9 billion years ago and the rover will examine soil samples to hunt for evidence of the life.
The $2.5 billion (£1.95 billion) Mars 2020 spaceship launched on July 30 with the rover and helicopter inside – and landed successfully on February 18, 2021.
Perseverance landed inside the crater and will collect samples that will eventually be returned to Earth for further analysis.
A second mission will fly to the planet and return the samples, perhaps by the later 2020s in partnership with the European Space Agency.
Source: Dailymail
