ABSTRACT
Nigeria has 70.8 million hectares of agricultural acreage, with maize, cassava, grain sorghum, yam beans, millet and rice being the key crops. Nigeria’s rice production rose from 3.7 million metric tons in 2017 to 4.0 million metric tons in 2018. Agriculture in Nigerian states can be a branch of the Nigerian economy, providing employment for about thirty-fifth of the population as of 2020, as reported by the Food and Agriculture Organization [2]. Agriculture remains the backbone of the Nigerian economy, despite the presence of oil within the country. For farmers in Nigeria, irrigation farming is extraordinarily troublesome, whereas others realize it is not possible to do for a variety of reasons. In this paper, an automatic smart solar-powered irrigation system to facilitate farming after the rainy season is projected. The device is capable of watering the farm land once the sand is dry. Once the sand gets enough water, the device can stop the watering automatically. Farmers will resolve the case on their own farm, merely and simply. This project would facilitate the interaction of countless Nigerians into irrigation farming, as nowadays, only around 1% of Nigeria’s farmers are able to farm after the rainy season. This, in turn, results in acute financial conditions and food insecurity within the country.
Author: Hassan Sunusi Kani
Supervising Lecturer: Usman Aliyu Magaji
Keywords: Agriculture, Automatic, Crops, Irrigation, Smart, Solar.
Click Link Below For Full Paper, Questions and make your COMMENTS
Smart Solar-Powered Irrigation System For Promoting Agriculture In Nigeria
What a great write up, what do you understand by the term irrigation?
It’s a way of farming in which you supply water to the plants by yourself.
It simplifies farming method
Absolutely, thank you!
Yes we can
Is the system only applicable for dry season?
Very interesting Good work
Thank you for the kind words!
Good question.
The system is applicable for both seasons, that is to say rainy and other season.
Because the device has modules thats help it detect some vital information regarding to the farmland and seasons.
Good work. And it can help many people.
Absolutely, thank you for the support!
Thank you!
We can do better
Thank you!
Inshallah!
Hassan Sunusi kani have said it all .
Thank you!
Good work keep trying
Thank you for the support!
How can mechanics work on irrigation farming
Good!
In the above proposed device, there will not be any work of mechanics, there will be only Electricians and plumbers.
Thank you!
How can mechanics help in irrigation farming
Good!
In the above proposed device, there will not be any work of mechanics, there will be only Electricians and plumbers.
Thank you!
Great work..best of luck. .
We can do better
Thank you!
How will it help in agriculture
is the process of watering the plants in farming which is usually done In the dry season
Yes that’s part of the meaning of irrigation.
Very innovative, imperative and so impressive. Keep up the good work 💪
Thank you for the kind words and support!
This is an awesome topic…. Please keep it up.
Thank you for your support!
This is a very good idea, and I believe that this project will call the attention of many Nigerians and Other countries attention to Irrigation farming especially here in Northern Nigeria. I wish you all the best.
Absolutely, thank you for your support and kind words!
MashaAllah, 🙏 Allah ya kara basira 🤲
Amin, Thank you!
Thats good, We’re proud of you!
Thank you for the support and it’s my pleasure!
Masha Allah, this is a wonderful Presentation Mr.kani and also a great innovation to the world of farmers.
What am more concern here is that farmers sells their goods at a cheap price to earn something for a living.
So is there any project that you have which will Allow the irrigation farmers to get the equipmet at an affordable price(Not Cost Price).
Thank you for the support and kind words.
Yeah, this project will help and it’s low cost to have it.
The technology you use impresses no one. The experience you create with it is everything. very interesting idea Hassan keep it up
#we can do better
Thank you!
Mashaallah alhamdulillah
we can do better of better
all the best
monitor
Thanks for the support!
Masha that’s a great idea, we’re so proud of you.
Thank you for the support!
Well said!
Thank you!
Masha Allah this is Magnificent work
Thank you for the support!
Mashaallah,very impressive so proud of you Allah yayi jagora 😊
Thank you for the support!
Wow!
What a wonderful write up, keep up the good work.
With God will, thank you for the support!
Beautifully written.This is just great.i urge everybody to spare some minutes to read this
Thank you for the support and suggestions.
so how can all this help improve agriculture?
Absolutely this device have a vital role to play in promoting agriculture in Nigeria. Such in providing healthy and clean farm products, making farming simple and easy, control amount of water to be used etc.
Your presentation is absolutely fantastic and understandable, but my question is…. How would this device got to every farmer at affordable prices? As here in north central rice farming is commonly practice and a lot of people have been facing so many challenges when it comes to irrigation farming.
Wow! what a great question of yours.
Before i answered your question, let understand some facts with the proposed project.
As the Smart solar-powered irrigation system is designed or proposed in the above paper, its is design to work automatically without human intervention after the device is installed. meaning it will monitor the wetness, humidity and many more of the farm land. while in the other hand, you can control it where ever you are.
The device is designed not to help only rice farmers, rather huge farmers. The labour and other expenditures farmers will used or spend in farming will cost them much more than we expect. But with the help of this project, will help farmers save a lot, and even in harvesting much healthier crops. As i said before, it control itself automatically. there will not be absence of watering in the farm.
Since the device is able to know whats going on in the farm yard. One thing with the device, can serve as sprayer for killing unwanted weeds and more.
And one thing with the device, is Solar powered. Because with the power failure in some location of Nigeria. That’s mean, the device will always be in work. since the electricity will be stored into the battery.
With this of some of it’s features, we will come to understand how important is this device, with its important and making farm wook easier, we will not bother with its cost. While as the way the project is design, won’t cost much.
Thank you!
Masha Allah
Thank you for the support!
Impressing the is a good and marvelous technology and i wish it will be applied on our small and large scale farming. It educative as well.
Sure it’s. And the device will soon be implemented.
Thank you!
Wow! Very interested and educative. Keep up the good work young engineer
Thank you for the kind words and support!
Wonderful
Thank you for your support!
What a good work!
Thank you for the kind words!
We can do better!
In k samu, mun samu, engr
Thank you for the support and kind words!
Up up Hassan s kani we can do better.
Thank you for the support and kind words!
Masha Allah. The Babban Engr/Captain. May Allah uplift ur value
Thank you for the support and kind words!
Very innovative and interesting.
Thank you for the support and kind words!
Wow! Sir Hassan Sunusi Kani that’s great work more ink brother.
Thank you for the support and kind words!
Masha Allah that’s great
We can do better
Thank you for the support and kind words!
A very good innovative write up.this can help us very well
Thank you for the support!
absolutely great
Thank you for the support!
May God help us.
Thank you for the prayers!
Very interested! I love it ❣️🚀
Thank you for the support and kind words!
I’m very interested 🙏
Thank you for the support and kind words!
Interest
Thank you for the support and kind words!
MashaAllah, Allah yyi jagora🙏
Thank you for the prayers.
This is a very good project and can be of very good use now and in the future, keep up the good work engineer.
May God help us.
Thank you for the support and kind words!
Wonderful .
Keep up the good work
Thank you!
Very good idea keep it up
Thank you!
This is a great achievement in Agricultural world it will makes it simple and even the fruits to be farmer will be good
For sure.
It is great achievement indeed.
Thank you for the support!
Hassan sunusi kani
My name!
We are proud of you senior
Thank you for the support!
Very impressive, Allah yyi jagora🙏
Amin. Thank you for the support!
Nice and appreciative idea for the farmers and a very big thanks to the author
Indeed, Thank you for the support!
Good work keep trying
We can do better
Inshallah, Thank you for the support!
Indeed,through this agricultural practices will become so easy and profitable.
Thank you!
so how can all this help improve agriculture?
It’s is designed to help farmers in farming activities, such as watering plant, spraying weed killer and much more automatically.
With all this features, it will promote agriculture in Nigeria.
Thank you!
Thank you!
Wow😍a wonderful write-up engineer kani
Thank you!
Very interesting, more ink to your pen!😊
Thank you for the support!
Thanks
My pleasure!
That’s indeed a good write up and helpful. Keep the good work.
I will Inshallah, thank you for the support!
very impressive i hope it’ll be considered.
Thank you for the support!
That’s a great work and good creativity for farmers
Absolutely. Thank you for the support!
At always simplifying things pursued people to be engage in some aspects that been neglected.
I believe that this smart solar irrigation system would bring a profitable impact our agricultural system. and even captivate others minds that are not in the system to join.
Lastly I hope this well initiated idea would be supported and executed, may work your never be in vain brother
Thank you for the prayers and kind words!
always simplifying things pursued people to be engage in some aspects that been neglected.
I believe that this smart solar irrigation system would bring a profitable impact our agricultural system. and even captivate others minds that are not in the system to join.
Lastly I hope this well initiated idea would be supported and executed, may work your never be in vain brother.
Absolutely. Thank you for the support!
Good job malam Hassan may Allah assist you
Thank you so much for the support!
Which type of work is this ?
Thank you for the question.
Honestly the above proposed, it’s called Smart solar powered irrigation system. It’s is designed to help help farmers in farming activities, such as watering plant, spraying weed killer and much more automatically.
Thank you!
Where can one get this irrigation tool?
One can get the device with few pennies, that’s to say it’s so cheaper than spending in farming activities without automatics device, such as the above.
the device will be available at the market after everything is done.
What a marvelous good job keep it up may Allah SWT guide you in all your endeavors
i really appreciate your idea thank for this creative think
Thank you!
What a marvelous good job keep it up may Allah SWT guide you in all your endeavors
i really appreciate your idea thank for this creative idea
Thank you!
Hassan so pls in What type of Irrigation uses Supply ditch?
Great!
That is trickle irrigation, it is a method used in irrigation. It is some how not easy to use the process.
But in my proposed paper, i come up with a simple and earsier way of farming in both rainy and after rainy season. That is to say all round session.
Alright
Thanks alot
Pls one more Question
The water Utilizable by plants is available in soil mainly in what form?
If I understand your question, your are asking in what method the water is control along with providing it to plants.
The water provided to the plants in the farm, is control by moisture sensor. As soon as the yard get enough water, the circuit will turn off automatically, the same thing when water is needed in the farm.
Hope i answered your question.
Thank you!
Great work…keep it up we can do better
Thank you for the support!
Kudos to you hassan sunusi kani.
My question here is how can someone make use of this irrigation power system, especially our people in the villages that are still using traditional system of farming?
Meanwhile, it’s a solar energy device that uses sunlight as source of energy, can it also work when there is no much sunlight?
Thanks so much
Wow, fantastic!
I do really like your questions.
The device is friendly to use, meaning it is very simple for farmers to operate it. that is why it be natively in language. Since Nigeria is a country of more than One language, the device will be able to operate in four languages, such as English, Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba. And while some are unable to learn how to read and write, they will be a semina for them.
That’s for question one of yours. let jump to question two. the devices uses Solar energy as the main source, since here in Nigeria we are facing power failure, and in the other hand, solar is free hazard.
Lastly, the device will be able to operate since solar panel does not only need high sunlight, even with little of it, it will work.
That’s the answer to your question.
Thank you and waiting for more question from your side.
How to irrigate vegetation in an automatic and intelligent way??
The above proposed device, will help in vegetable farming too, as it has a lot of features.
Great work..best of luck. .
We can do better
How about tomatoes farming,does it suitable for tomato farming?
Yes, it’s is suitable for it too.
Thank you!
Thank you for the support and kind words!
Thank you bro!
Wow !!
this is simple way of farming progress .
Wish the best 🤗
Absolutely it’s.
Thank you for your support!
Good luck
Thank you for your support!
Keep up d good work…
My question is hw durable is it??
It can last for a whole day with charge.
Good work indeed
We can do Better
Thank you for your support!
Very good Hassan, What I like most is, it is solar powered device
Yes it’s, along with a lot of features.
Fantastic 🔥
Thank you for your support!
The system in this paper was well done.
My question is: approximately how long will it take the tubular battery used in the system to get to a full charge?
In order to maintain the capacity and lifespan of the battery, the charging time will take up to 13 hours to full.
The device come along with autocut off.
Thank you!
Great work
We can do better!!
Thank you!
Keep up the good work!
Very impressive and encouraging! You have encouraged the farmers, and also enlighten them of which will make irrigation farming more easier and faster without consuming much of their energy unlike the old irrigation farming being practices by farmers.
Sure, thank you for your support and kind words!
Nice writing keep it up Captain
Thank you!
1. What is smart about your system?
2. Can you justify the need of a solar power for powering an Arduino microcontroller and a DC pump only
I really appreciate your question, sir, and thank you for it once again. In order to answer the two questions, sir, I will like to say a few things about the device.
There are still some areas in Nigeria, especially in the rural areas, where people know nothing about electricity. On the other hand, alternative current is more dangerous than direct current and easier to use.
The proposed solar-powered irrigation system is based on solar energy in order to work in a more memorable and fantastic way. So below are the answers to those two questions:
1. What makes the proposed smart solar-powered irrigation system smart is that it does not need any human interaction after installation. The system itself will determine the right time to water the plant by determining the moisture data of the soil using sensors connected to the device, so this will help in saving water for other uses and keeping the plant’s health intact. Without the device, farmers have to always be on their way to their respective farms. The system will help in providing healthy farm products.
Again, the benefits that make it smart are that it saves one a lot of money and energy. The farmer’s money or energy will be saved by almost 50%. Because the system will be able to do the work that more men will do. These are some of the smart devices.
2.
First of all, as the proposed smart solar-powered irrigation system is based on power from solar energy and stated earlier, So to power the Arduino microcontroller, we first store the electric energy generated from the solar panel in our battery and later distribute it across the circuit. For the Arduino microcontroller, there is a need to step down the 12V to 5V by designing a regulator circuit.
Secondly, the submersible pump is DC needs 12 V, so a circuit that will take control of the pumping is designed.
The needs of solar power for powering an Arduino microcontroller and a DC pump are: keeping the device always on when the grid goes down, working in a variety of climates, being increasingly affordable, increasing the efficiency and value of the device, and saving money. It is also important to have power sources that are reliable, low maintenance, and have no moving parts or need for refueling.
Moreover, the need to use a solar source is to generate pure DC electricity when exposed to sunlight. As the solar energy provides a current that will not drain the battery capacity so early, RVs typically operate at 12 volts and less than 30 amps. As a result, there is very little chance of being electrocuted or starting electrical fires.
Above is the answer to the questions.
Thank You!
Hassan Sanusi Kani
1. What makes your Irrigation system Smart, explain the process involve in using Ultrasonic Sensors for detection
2. What is the capacity of the pump that can match the solar source you designed
Thank you, Prof., for the questions.
So, in relation to my proposed smart solar-powered irrigation system, below are the answers to the great questions.
1. What makes the proposed smart solar-powered irrigation system smart is that, it does not need any human interaction after installation. The system itself will determine the right time to water the plant by determining the moisture data of the soil using sensors connected to the device, so this will help in saving water for other uses and keeping the plant’s health intact. Without the device, farmers have to always be on their way to their respective farms. The system will help provide healthy farm products.
Again, the benefits that make it smart are that it saves a lot of money and energy. The farmer’s money or energy will be saved by almost 50%. Because the system will be able to do the work that more men will do. These are some smart devices.
Secondly, an ultrasonic sensor is an instrument that is used to measure the distance to an object using ultrasonic sound waves by sending a sound above human hearing, which is about 20 KHz and above. The process or procedure of how ultrasonic sensors are involved in detection is:
a. Transmitting: The ultrasonic sensor sends out a high-frequency sound wave from its transmitter. The transmitter is usually a piezoelectric crystal that vibrates rapidly when an electric current is applied to it, producing sound waves that travel through the air.
b. Receiving: After the sound wave is transmitted, it travels through the air until it reaches an object in its path. When the sound wave hits the object, it bounces back and is detected by the ultrasonic sensor’s receiver.
c. Processing: Once the echo is received, the ultrasonic sensor’s circuitry calculates the time it took for the sound wave to travel to the object and back.
d. Output: The distance to the object can then be calculated by multiplying the time delay by the speed of sound and dividing the result by two.
2. The capacity of the pump that can match the solar source I designed is that the submersible pump will first be DC with 12V, making it more convenient and portable with a capacity of 1 hp.
The submersible pump is not going to be powered directly, rather, its switch is connected with a 5V relay that will turn it on or off automatically and according to how the sensors transmit the signal.
Thank You!
1. Kindly, explain what is smart in your system and the principle behind its smartness.
2. The proposed system basically pumps water from either a borehole or a well into a dedicated water tank which is used to irrigate farmland either on the field or remotely. What is the size of farmland and volume of water can the proposed model pump and water in a given period of time or day?
I’m glad to answer those questions, and thank you for the questions, sir.
As mentioned in my proposed smart solar-powered irrigation system and in accordance with the paper, below are the answers to those questions:
1. What is smart and what is the principle behind its smartness? The reasons why the proposed system is smart are that it is based on working on itself without any human interaction. And the system will determine when to water the plant with the help of sensors connected to it. On the other hand, the system can be used for spraying weed killer on farmland. As we can set some time for it to do that work.
While the principles behind it are smart, first a small submersible DC pump is used while testing the system. A moisture sensor is also used for getting soil data. This data will be used to turn on and off the pump. So, the system will save farmers’ energy and money by making the system work efficiently and producing healthy farm products.
2. The system is designed to pump water from either a borehole or well to a tank of 1000 liters with a farm size of not less than 5 acres.
Because a minimum of 8 gallons per minute is required for each acre of horticultural crops to be irrigated, So for 5 acres, 40 gallons are needed per minute.
Thank you!